A keratoconus exam is an eye examination used to diagnose and monitor the progression of keratoconus. Keratoconus is a condition in which the cornea (the clear, outer layer of the eye) becomes thin and cone-shaped. This can cause the affected eye to have blurred vision and be more sensitive to light. A keratoconus exam is performed by an ophthalmologist (eye doctor) using a slit lamp, which is a special microscope that illuminates and magnifies the eye. The doctor will look for signs of keratoconus, such as a thin or cone-shaped cornea, and will also measure the thickness of the cornea. A keratoconus exam is the best way to diagnose and monitor this condition.
What are the symptoms of Keratoconus?
The most common symptom of keratoconus is blurred vision. Other symptoms may include:
Distorted or multiple images in one eye (monocular diplopia)
- Halos or “ghost” images around lights
- Sensitivity to light (photophobia)
- Eye fatigue
- Headache
- Difficulty seeing at night
- Nausea
What causes Keratoconus?
The exact cause of keratoconus is unknown. However, it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
How is Keratoconus diagnosed?
Keratoconus is typically diagnosed during a routine eye examination. Your doctor will perform a thorough examination of your eyes and may order special tests, such as corneal topography or pachymetry, to confirm the diagnosis.
What are the treatment options for Keratoconus?
The goal of treatment for keratoconus is to improve vision and reduce the progression of the condition. Treatment options include:
- Glasses or contact lenses: This is often the first line of treatment for mild keratoconus. Your optometrist will prescribe eyeglasses or contact lenses that correct your vision.
- Intacs: Intacs are tiny, curved inserts that are placed in the cornea to improve its shape. This can improve vision and slow the progression of keratoconus.
- Corneal cross-linking: This is a new treatment that uses riboflavin (vitamin B2) drops and ultraviolet A light to strengthen the collagen fibers in the cornea. This can stop the progression of keratoconus.
- Corneal transplant: This is a last resort option for people with keratoconus who do not respond to other treatments. In a corneal transplant, the damaged cornea is removed and replaced with a healthy one from a donor.
