Macular degeneration is a condition that affects the macula, which is the central part of the retina. The retina is the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that sends images to the brain. The macula is responsible for central vision, which is needed for tasks such as reading and driving. Macular degeneration can make it difficult to see clearly.
There are two types of macular degeneration: dry and wet. Dry macular degeneration is the most common type. It happens when the macula becomes thin and starts to break down. Wet macular degeneration happens when abnormal blood vessels grow under the macula. These vessels can leak fluid or bleed, which can damage the macula.
Macular degeneration usually occurs in people over the age of 50. It is more common in women than men and is more likely to occur in people who have a family history of the condition. Smoking and exposure to sunlight can also increase your risk of developing macular degeneration.
There is no cure for macular degeneration, but there are treatments that can help slow its progression and preserve vision. These treatments include:
- Anti-VEGF therapy: This treatment involves injecting a medication called an anti-VEGF drug into the eye. This drug helps to prevent the growth of abnormal blood vessels.
- Laser surgery: This surgery involves using a laser to destroy the abnormal blood vessels.
- Photodynamic therapy: This treatment involves injecting a light-sensitive drug into the eye. A laser is then used to activate the drug, which destroys the abnormal blood vessels.
If you have macular degeneration, it is important to see an eye doctor regularly so that the condition can be monitored and treated if necessary.
